Solar panels or PV panels are the panels that take solar energy and transform it into electrical energy. Photons coming in sunlight are the key elements of the process.
Preface (1)
A solar panel comprises a system that is involved in taking photons from sunlight and then transform them into electrical energy. This functionality of a solar panel makes it usable for several applications such as remote sensing, telecommunications equipment, remote power systems, and all other domestic applications that run on electricity.
History
Solar energy is as old as this world is. Primarily it was used to produce steam which in turn was used to run different types of machinery. Then Edmond Becquerel discovered the “photovoltaic effect” that permits the transformation of solar energy into electrical energy. Based on this discovery, Charles Fritts invented the first solar cell in 1893. It was made of selenium sheet and a thin gold layer. And from this advent would originate the device that is now known as “Solar Panel”. In 1941, an American inventor Russel Ohl patented the very first solar panel in the world. In 1954, this invention led to the manufacturing of the world’s first solar panel. And today a complete solar panel system is used to run a broad variety of appliances. From a calculator to a business setup, solar panel serves appliances of almost all size ranges.
Working of solar panel
A solar panel receives photons from sunlight and then transforms these energy packets into electricity. This electricity is used to power electrical devices. A solar panel is consists of several solar cells. These cells are made up of silicon sheets, boron that gives positive charges, and phosphorus that gives negative charges. Solar panel provokes an electric current by absorbing photons. These photons excite electrons from the orbits. Solar cells generate an electric field, which gives direction to free electrons and produces current. This comprehensive procedure is called the “photovoltaic effect”.More the solar panels more will electricity generate. The one who has enough roof area can install two or more two solar panels to run the entire electrical appliances. A well-balanced configuration stores energy the whole day and then provide it at night.
Benefits
It is a practical method to generate electricity and power electronic appliances. It proves to be extremely beneficial in off-grid living. An off-grid living means residing in a place, where there is no main electric utility grid. Remote cabins or flats are specifically benefited by solar systems. It eliminates the installation cost of electric utility poles and wiring from the grid station. A solar system is a less costly system that survives for at least three decades if protected and maintained properly. Besides off-grid living, another advantage that can be gained from a solar panel is a renewable and clean energy source. This is another way to reduce atmospheric pressure caused by greenhouse gases. A solar panel comes with immovable parts, which means it can last for decades with just little maintenance. Moreover, an individual can enjoy long-term electric supply just by paying a single time for the entire duration. Through the above benefits, it is very easy to evaluate how convenient and versatile a solar panel is.
Installation of a solar panel (2)
Components
A solar system is comprised of a computerized controller, a solar inverter, a mounting system, and solar panels or modules. DC electricity is made from sunlight by solar panels. With the help of a solar inverter, DC is converted into AC. The optimal performance of the solar system is ensured by the computerized controller. A battery is required in the case of an off-the-grid solar system. The common location for the installation of solar panels is the roof. However, the roof is not the only location, solar panels can also be installed on the ground. The top factor to consider is there should be no such thing that can block the sunlight.
- Unpacking
This is the tiny and initial step to install a solar system. After collecting the package, the primary thing to do is unpacking and checking for the complete components. A spacious room should be selected to unpack the entire package.
- Search the appropriate location
Surveying the whole house and finding the best place is the second step in the installation. Several factors influence the generation of electricity. Although it is not necessary, the appropriate location for the installation is the roof. Because this place is in direct contact with solar rays. In this case, solar panels can absorb maximum sunlight and produce the maximum amount of electricity. On the roof, it is also important to check for the perfect spot to ensure the proficient working of the solar system.
- Establishment
Since the selection of location has been done, it is time for mounting and installation. Building a stage is necessary to place the solar panel. This stage is usually made from metallic or aluminum rails. Specifications of the panel are needed to be considered for the perfect size of the stage. The outdoor platform is connected to the indoor receiver via dedicated conduits. This is done to convert and transport solar energy.
- Arrangement
In this step, the solar panel is mounted on the stage. More cautiousness and professional tools such as brackets, clamps, bolts, and pincers are needed. Some more equipment like tubes and meters are also needed to fix the solar panel. These all materials help in the proper fixing of the solar panel even in stormy conditions.
- Wiring
After the arrangement, wiring between solar panels is done. For this purpose, fuses and slice boxes are used that ensure the protection of the system. Junction boxes are extra things that provide insulation to the energy inside modules.
- Connection
After complete mounting, the solar panels are connected to electrical components like a charge controller, inverter, and battery.
Return on Investment
If an individual is done with the payback period and paid all federal taxes, then the solar panel system will be all income. Through net metering or solar battery bank, one can earn money on electricity generated more than the requirement. Moreover, the value of a house with a solar panel also increases.
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